The Gemstone diligence looks to be one sector that operates without established system and players function according to their own wishes. This is particularly rife in the selling of gemstones as miners and middlemen appear not to follow any established regulations on dealings.

For valuable stones such as emeralds, ruby, transactions are frequently shrouded in secrecy and it not unbelievable to end up that large part of emeralds fashioned in Zambia are smuggled out of the country.

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